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An object, with mass 64 kg and speed 14 m/s relative to an observer, explodes into two pieces, one 2 times as massive as the other; the explosion takes place in deep space. The less massive piece stops relative to the observer. How much kinetic energy is added to the system during the explosion, as measured in the observer's reference frame

User SeyyedKhandon
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1 Answer

27 votes
27 votes

Answer:

K_f = 1881.6 J

Step-by-step explanation:

To solve this exercise, let's start by finding the velocities of the bodies.

We define a system formed by the initial object and its parts, with this the forces during the explosion are internal and the moment is conserved

initial instant. Before the explosion

p₀ = M v₀

final instant. After the explosion

p_f = m₁ v + m₂ 0

the moeoto is preserved

p₀ = p_f

M v₀ = m₁ v

v =
(m_1)/(M) v₀

in the exercise they indicate that the most massive part has twice the other part

M = m₁ + m₂

M = 2m₂ + m₂ = 3 m₂

m₂ = M / 3

so the most massive part is worth

m₁ = 2 M / 3

we substitute

v = ⅔ v₀

with the speed of each element we can look for the kinetic energy

initial

K₀ = ½ M v₀²

Final

K_f = ½ m₁ v² + 0

K_f = ½ (⅔ M) (⅔ v₀)²

K_f =
(8)/(27) (½ M v₀²)

K_f =
(8)/(27) K₀

the energy added to the system is

ΔK = Kf -K₀

ΔK = (8/27 - 1) K₀

ΔK = -0.7 K₀

K_f = K₀ + ΔK

K_f = K₀ (1 -0.7)

K_f = 0.3 K₀

let's calculate

K_f = 0.3 (½ 64 14²)

K_f = 1881.6 J

User Joe Essey
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