Answer:D
D)Designate Friday afternoons as time for employees to pursue outside interests loosely related to the business.
Step-by-step explanation:
From the question we are informed about Chris who is the manager of a graphic design firm, and he relies on a top-down strategic management approach to maintain tight control over the activities of his employees. The company has recently started to lose market share to its more innovative competitors, and Chris wants to encourage his employees to start contributing to the strategy formulation process to make the company more competitive. In this case, the steps should Chris take is to Designate Friday afternoons as time for employees to pursue outside interests loosely related to the business. The top-down policy can be regarded as kind of autocratic leadership which is a management process whereby the business is been Control upper level of executives. Wide decision is been created by Senior project managers and it trickle down to other lower departments.