An ideal gas is a theoretical gas composed of a set of point particles with random displacement, which do not interact with each other. The ideal gas concept is useful because it behaves according to the ideal gas law, a simplified equation of state, which can be analyzed using statistical mechanics.
The equation of state of a classical ideal gas is given by:
Where:
P = pressure
V = Volume
n = amount of substance
T = Temperature
R = Ideal gas constant