2) The given expression is
y = (x + 4)^2 + 4
If a function, f(x) undergoes horizontal translation, c units left, it becomes
f(x + c)
Also, If a function, f(x + c) + d undergoes vertical translation, c units upwards, it becomes
f(x + c) + d
Looking at the given function, it underwent a horizontal translation, 4 units left and a vertical translation, 4 units upwards