The equation to find the total earned by Julio is:
Total earned = 31 hours*r + 9 hours*1.1*r
Because he works 40 hours, 31 hours paid at a normal rate, and 9 hours paid at 1.1 times his normal rate r.
Replacing the total earned by $539.88 and solving for r, we get:
539.88 = 31*r + 9*1.1*r
539.88 = 31r + 9.9r
539.88 = 40.9 r
539.88/40.9 = r
13.2 = r
Answer: Julio's hourly rate is $13.2 per hour.
This is reasonable because working 40 hours at a rate of $13 per hour is
40(13) = 40(10 + 3) = 400 + 120 = 520 and $520 is close to $539.88
You just need to sum 400 and 120 as:
400 + 120 = 520