Answer:
D. -28 m/s
Step-by-step explanation:
To find the final speed, we will use the following equation
![v_f^2=v_i^2+2g\Delta y](https://img.qammunity.org/2023/formulas/physics/college/4zsfi4k533i33lv24y4sl9gb4ldbpkkkbe.png)
Where vf is the final velocity, vi is the initial vertical velocity, g is the acceleration due to gravity and Δy is the height.
Replacing vi = 0 m/s, g = 9.8 m/s², and Δy = 40 m, we get
![\begin{gathered} v_f^2=0^2+2(9.8)(40) \\ v_f^2=784 \\ v_f=√(784) \\ v_f=28 \end{gathered}](https://img.qammunity.org/2023/formulas/physics/college/spndqjqi2q1bjqkl53l4vlynh7aqpshc49.png)
Therefore, the vertical component of the velocity is vf = -28 m/s because the bullet is going down.
So, the answer is
D. -28 m/s