Final answer:
The American System's three components were a protective tariff, the renewal of a national bank, and federal subsidies for internal improvements like roads and canals.
Step-by-step explanation:
The three components of the American System were proposed as a means to stimulate the economy and to make the nation more self-sufficient following the War of 1812. The components included the establishment of a tariff to protect and promote American industry, the renewal of a national bank to foster commerce, and federal subsidies for internal improvements such as roads and canals to develop a robust transportation network. This economic plan was championed by Henry Clay and other national leaders to help unify the nation's economy and enable it to operate more independently from European nations.