Answer:
Fourteen lines: All sonnets have 14 lines, which can be broken down into four sections called quatrains.
A strict rhyme scheme: The rhyme scheme of a Shakespearean sonnet, for example, is ABAB / CDCD / EFEF / GG (note the four distinct sections in the rhyme scheme).
Written in iambic pentameter: Sonnets are written in iambic pentameter, a poetic meter with 10 beats per line made up of alternating unstressed and stressed syllables.
A sonnet can be broken into four sections called quatrains. The first three quatrains contain four lines each and use an alternating rhyme scheme. The final quatrain consists of just two lines, which both rhyme. Each quatrain should progress the poem as follows:
First quatrain: This should establish the subject of the sonnet.Number of lines: four; rhyme scheme: ABAB
Second quatrain: This should develop the sonnet’s theme.Number of lines: four; rhyme scheme: CDCD
Third quatrain: This should round off the sonnet’s theme.Number of lines: four; rhyme scheme: EFEF
Fourth quatrain: This should act as a conclusion to the sonnet.Number of lines: two; rhyme scheme: GG