Answer:
Industrialisation usually requires the use of potentially polluting technologies which can generate waste products that can pollute the air, water and soil.
It is entirely up to both governments and the individuals undertaking the industrialisation to ensure that pollution is kept to an absolute minimum, preferably non-existent. However, this can sometimes add to the cost of the products produced so is often overlooked or ignored by both government, who want greater tax revenue, and the individuals, who want a higher profit, at the expense of the environment - often until it is too late to prevent severe damage.