Question

How can we make our programs behave differently each time they are run?

Answer 1

Programs can behave differently each time they are run by incorporating randomness, user input, or system time into their logic.

Step-by-step explanation:

Programs can behave differently each time they are run by introducing randomness or using variables that change with each run. This can be achieved through several methods:

1. Using random number generators: By incorporating random number generators into the program's logic, different outcomes can be generated each time the program runs. For example, a program could simulate a dice roll and produce different results each time it is run.
2. Using user input: Programs can prompt the user to provide input, which can influence the behavior and outcome of the program. For instance, a program could ask the user for a number and perform different operations based on that input.
3. Using system time: Incorporating the system's current time into the program's logic can introduce variability. For instance, a program could use the current time to determine different paths or conditions.

Answer 2

To make programs behave differently on each run, programmers can use randomness, different user inputs, or change external data sources. A test program that generates a known error more frequently can be more effective for testing, but findings should be presented to management with clear and substantial evidence.

Step-by-step explanation:

To make programs behave differently each time they are run, programmers can use a variety of techniques. One common method is to incorporate randomness into the program. This can be achieved by using random number generators within the program that influence its behavior or outcomes in different ways on each run. Another way is by providing different user inputs or changing external data sources the program relies on. By doing so, the input history changes, thus affecting the subsequent operations of the program.

In a testing context, specifically, if your new test program is generating a known error with a higher frequency than the original test program, it means your test program is likely more effective for revealing this error under test scenarios. It is important to present your findings to management with clear evidence and possibly more extensive testing, as they might need solid proof that the new test program can consistently generate the error more frequently before deciding to replace the original one.