Answer:
b. mantle convection, which creates shear at the base of plates.
Step-by-step explanation:
- Mantel convection is a very slow creeping motion of the earth's solid silicate mineral. It can carry heat from the interior of the plate's surface.
- As the earth is divided into the tectonic plates that are constantly being created and consumed Accretion occurs as the mantel is added to the edges of the plates that surround the seafloor.