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Englishwoman Harriet Martineau Visits a Cotton Mill I visited (in 1834) the corporate factory establishment at Waltham, within a few miles of Boston. The Waltham Mills were at work before those of Lowell were set up. The establishment is for the spinning and weaving of cotton (cloth)... Five hundred persons were employed at the time of my visit. The girls earn two, and sometimes three dollars a week, besides their board. The little children earn one dollar a week. Most of the girls live in the houses provided by the corporation, which accommodate from six to eight (girls)... The factory people bullt the church, which stands conspicuous on the green in the midst of the place. The minister's salary (elght hundred dollars last year) is raised by a tax on the pews. The corporation gave them a building for a lyceum, which they have furnished with a good library, and where they have lectures every winter - the best that money can procure. The girls have, in many Instances, private libraries of some merit and value... The people work about seventy hours per week, on the average. The time of work varies with the length of the days, the wages con uing the same. All look like well-dressed young ladies. The health is good; or rather, (as this is too much to be said without health anywhere in the United States ) it is no worse than it is elsewhere. -Harriet Martineau, Society in America (1837) 11.
The author wrote this passage to:
1. Describe an American cotton mill.
2. O recruit workers for Waltham Mills.
3. Discuss the health of mill workers.
4. show how badly workers were treated.