Answer:
Impetigo is a contagious bacterial skin infection that primarily affects children but can also occur in adults. It is usually caused by two types of bacteria: Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococcus) and Staphylococcus aureus. Impetigo is characterized by the appearance of red sores or blisters that rupture and ooze a honey-colored fluid before forming a yellow-brown crust. It is typically found on the face, hands, and other exposed areas of the body.
Priority nursing considerations associated with impetigo include:
Infection Control: Impetigo is highly contagious, so one of the top priorities is preventing the spread of the infection. Nurses should educate patients and their families on proper handwashing techniques, avoiding direct contact with the sores, and not sharing personal items like towels or clothing.
Wound Care and Hygiene: Keeping the affected areas clean is essential. The nurse should teach patients and caregivers how to clean the sores gently with soap and water, remove crusts, and apply prescribed topical antibiotics or ointments. Encourage frequent handwashing to prevent further infection.
Antibiotic Therapy: Impetigo is usually treated with topical or oral antibiotics, depending on the severity of the infection. Nurses should ensure that patients understand the importance of taking antibiotics as prescribed, even if symptoms improve before the full course is completed.
Isolation: In cases of severe or widespread impetigo, isolation precautions may be necessary to prevent the spread of the infection to others, especially in healthcare settings or schools.
Assessment of Complications: Although impetigo is generally a mild infection, complications such as cellulitis (infection of deeper skin tissues) or post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (a kidney condition) can occur. Nurses should monitor patients for signs of worsening infection or systemic symptoms.
Education: Providing patient and family education about impetigo, its treatment, and preventive measures is crucial. This includes information on the importance of proper wound care, hygiene, and antibiotic compliance.
Follow-Up: Nurses should schedule follow-up appointments to assess the progress of the infection and ensure that treatment is effective. If there is no improvement or if the condition worsens, the healthcare provider should be contacted.
Step-by-step explanation: