Answer:
Among the statements provided, the true statements regarding organized labor during World War II are:
b) Labor unions experienced a surge in membership during World War II: The demand for labor increased significantly during the war, leading to a surge in union membership. As industries expanded to meet the needs of the war effort, more workers joined unions to secure better wages, working conditions, and job security.
c) Labor unions faced opposition from the government during World War II: While the government recognized the importance of maintaining industrial peace during the war, there were instances of tension and opposition between labor unions and the government. The government implemented policies to control wages, prices, and working conditions, and in some cases, it sought to limit the power of unions to strike or negotiate.
a) Labor strikes decreased during World War II due to government intervention: The government actively intervened in labor disputes during World War II to prevent strikes that could disrupt the war effort. It established mechanisms for resolving labor disputes and encouraged unions and employers to settle their differences through negotiation and arbitration. As a result, the number of strikes decreased compared to the pre-war period.
The statement d) Labor unions were disbanded during World War II is not true. Labor unions were not disbanded during the war. Instead, they played a crucial role in representing workers' interests and negotiating with employers to ensure fair treatment and improved working conditions.
It's worth noting that the impact of organized labor during World War II varied across different countries, and the statements provided may not apply universally.