By analyzing each situation and match it with the corresponding Newton's Law:
1. When riding the bumper cars at the fair, you bump into your friend and your car bounces backwards.
- Newton's 3rd Law: For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. When you bump into your friend, the force of your car hitting them results in an equal and opposite force pushing your car backward.
2. A ball is rolling straight across the floor until Bradley kicks it.
- Newton's 1st Law: An object at rest or in motion will stay in that state unless acted upon by an external force. The ball was rolling in a straight line until Bradley's kick provided an external force, causing the ball to change its direction.
3. A bowling ball and a baseball both roll across your foot at the same speed. The bowling ball hurts much more.
- Newton's 2nd Law: The force acting on an object is equal to its mass multiplied by its acceleration. The bowling ball, being more massive than the baseball, has more inertia and therefore requires more force to accelerate or decelerate. When it rolls across your foot, its larger mass results in a greater force exerted, leading to more pain.
4. Your car breaks down. As your friends help you push it, it begins to move and speed up.
- Newton's 2nd Law: The force acting on an object is equal to its mass multiplied by its acceleration. When your friends push the car, they provide a force that overcomes the car's initial inertia and allows it to accelerate.
5. A fireman turns on his hose and is knocked backwards.
- Newton's 3rd Law: For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. When the fireman turns on the hose and water flows out with a force, an equal and opposite force pushes the fireman backward.
6. A soccer ball will not move until a player kicks it.
- Newton's 1st Law: An object at rest will stay at rest unless acted upon by an external force. The soccer ball remains stationary until a player applies a force by kicking it, initiating its motion.
In summary:
- Situation 1 corresponds to Newton's 3rd Law.
- Situation 2 corresponds to Newton's 1st Law.
- Situation 3 corresponds to Newton's 2nd Law.
- Situation 4 corresponds to Newton's 2nd Law.
- Situation 5 corresponds to Newton's 3rd Law.
- Situation 6 corresponds to Newton's 1st Law.