The English replaced the Spanish as the dominant force in the New World through a combination of factors. One key factor was the establishment of English colonies, such as Jamestown and Plymouth, which allowed for the expansion of English influence. Additionally, the English had superior naval power, which gave them an advantage in controlling trade routes and defending their colonies.
Joint stock companies, such as the Virginia Company and the Plymouth Company, played a significant role in English colonization. These companies provided financial support and organized expeditions to establish colonies. They allowed investors to pool their resources and share the risks and profits of colonization. This helped fund the English colonization efforts and contributed to the growth of English influence in the New World.