Step-by-step explanation:
Sure, here are the answers to your questions:
1. The person who first began the study of genetics in the 1800s and was called the father of genetics because of this was **Gregor Mendel**.
2. The passing of traits from parents to offspring is called **heredity**.
3. An organism with two of the same alleles (two dominant or two recessive) for a trait is called **purebred**.
4. An organism with two different alleles (one dominant and one recessive) for a trait is called **hybrid**.
5. Sections of our DNA that control what traits we have are called **genes**.
6. The physical characteristics or traits of an organism is called its **phenotype**.
7. An allele whose trait will always show up in the organism even if a recessive allele is standing next to it is called **dominant allele**.
8. Different forms or types of genes are called **alleles**.
9. The scientific study of genes and heredity is called **genetics**.
10. An allele whose trait is hidden or does not really show when a dominant allele is next to it is called **recessive allele**.
11. The likelihood or chance that a particular event will occur is called **probability**.
12. An organism that has two identical alleles (like two capital "T’s" or two lowercase "t’s" for example) is called **homozygous**.