Answer:
Step-by-step explanation:
Bromine, pyridine, and methanol were utilised as reaction solutions for the production of 4 triazines. The 2.50 molar equivalent of bromine was neutralised using 3.00 molar equivalents of pyridine and 8.00 molar equivalents of methanol.
Solvents Molar equivalent
Pyridine 3.00
methanol 8.00
Bromine 2.50
All of these preparations were done on a 2kg scale at room temperature. Bromine with methanol, however, posed a safety risk due to a possible reaction. Bromine concentration here stayed below 10% v/v (Douglas et al., 2018). Thus, it was discovered during the reaction of these three solvents that the procedure could not be safely completed in a kilo lab, thus aliquots of bromine were charged into it using nitrogen-flushed charge bags. The final product was processed in 1 kg bottles. Sodium thiosulfate, a soluble agent from the reaction to the unreacted bromine, was found after the reaction, and its presence was shown by a noticeable lightening of the red reaction mixture. It was found that the molar equivalent of this chemical in water was 0.40, with a relative volume of 1.00 when kept at 20 degrees Celsius.
Identification and Removal of Impurities
An insoluble material was found in the reaction during the production of triazine-4 (Douglas et al., 2018) and was recognised as an impurity. This ingredient was removed from the combination by filtering and another study of ICP-MS, which indicated that the preparation for drug 4 had 558 ppm, demonstrating substantial contamination levels. This test has been hampered by organic contaminants, as shown by the fact that a combination of hydrobromic acid, methanol, and pyridine failed to resolve the reported problem between the tantalum and the byproducts (Douglas et al., 2018). Due to the low concentration of water (less than 5%), the corrosion discovered in the pilot study was almost certainly accelerated by the presence of bromine and methanol. Insoluble tantalum was successfully purified by reducing impurities to below 1 ppm, as shown in the table below.
Batch Ppm (PD) Ppm (Ir) ppm
Trial 1: Input of C660/1 (3.5kg) 121 66 <1
Trial 2: input of C660/2 (4.4kg) 129 69 <1
Trial 3: Output of C660/1 16 29 Not identified.