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4) The single-stranded but complementary ends of the two DNA molecules cleaved by the restriction enzyme 1. A) Are called "sticky ends" 2. B) Can bind by complementary base pairing 3. C) Facilitate the insertion of foreign DNA into vector DNA 4. D) all of the above

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Let's understand what happens when a restriction endonuclease cleaves a DNA molecule to determine which option best describes the situation.

A restriction endonuclease is type of protein that acts much like scissors. They identify specific DNA sequences and perform cuts at or near the sequences. First, the enzyme will bind to the sequence and cleave the double helix resulting in a breakage. After the cut has been made it can produce blunt ends or sticky ends. Blunt ends can pair with any unpaired nucleotides that are also blunt ends, without the need for complementary pairs. Sticky ends can bind with other sticky ends that contain complementary bases. Furthermore, these sticky ends can facilitate the insertion of foreign DNA into vector DNA. This occurs with some processes such as DNA cloning and genetic engineering.

Answer: Therefore, the answer to this question would be D) all of the above

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