Question

arrange the following events of gene cloning in order of their occurrence. begin with the first event to occur at the top of the list.

Answer 1

The steps of gene cloning include isolation, ligation, transformation, and selection.

Step-by-step explanation:

1. Isolation: In gene cloning, the first step is to isolate the DNA of interest. This involves extracting the DNA from the source organism.
2. Ligation: After isolation, the DNA fragment is ligated with a vector (usually a plasmid) using enzymes called ligases. This creates a recombinant plasmid.
3. Transformation: The next step is to introduce the recombinant plasmid into host cells, such as bacteria. This is done through a process called transformation.
4. Selection: Finally, the transformed cells are selected and grown in a culture to produce the desired protein or DNA sequence of interest.

Answer 2

The correct order for the events of gene cloning is:

1. Restriction enzymes are used to cut the host cell DNA in a specific place.

2. The clone DNA is introduced into the host cell DNA.

3. DNA ligase seals the clone DNA and the host DNA together.

Cutting the host DNA: Before the clone DNA can be inserted, a space needs to be created for it and is done by using restriction enzymes to cut the host DNA at specific sequences. These enzymes recognize and cut at specific sequences, ensuring the insertion occurs in the desired location.

Once the space is created, the clone DNA needs to be physically introduced into the host cell. This can be done by various methods, such as electroporation, heat shock, or chemical transformation. After the clone DNA is inside the host cell, the two DNA fragments need to be joined together permanently. This is done by an enzyme called DNA ligase, which "glues" the ends of the DNA fragments together.