Final answer:
Before Blake throws the anchor, the momentum of the system is zero. After he throws the anchor, the momentum of the system is still zero and the canoe remains stationary.
Step-by-step explanation:
a. Before Blake throws the anchor, the total momentum of the system is zero since both Blake and the canoe are stationary. The formula to calculate momentum is mass times velocity, so the momentum is given by 0 kg m/s.
b. After Blake throws the anchor, the total momentum of the system is still zero. The anchor has a negative velocity since it is thrown west, which cancels out the positive velocity of Blake and the canoe.
c. Since the total momentum of the system is zero after Blake throws the anchor, the velocity of the canoe is also zero. It remains stationary.