a. Not equivalent
. No.
b. Not equivalent to
. No.
c. Not equivalent to
. No.
d. Equivalent to
. Yes.
Let's simplify each expression and determine if they're equivalent to
:
a.

This simplifies to

. Not equivalent
. No.
b.
This can be rewritten as
.
Not equivalent to
. No.
c.
This simplifies to

Not equivalent to
. No.
d.

This simplifies to
. Equivalent to
. Yes.