In the 1970s, new policies were implemented that improved the lives of Native women and young people in a number of ways. For example, the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act of 1975 transferred control of many federal programs and services from the government to tribal governments, allowing tribes to direct funds to areas of greatest need. The Indian Health Care Improvement Act of 1976 improved healthcare services on reservations, including reproductive health services and substance abuse treatment. These policies empowered Native women and young people by giving them more control over their lives and their communities, and by addressing some of the most pressing social issues affecting their well-being. Additionally, anti-discrimination policies and affirmative action programs helped to open up opportunities for Native women and young people in education and employment.