Answer:
The African Union (AU) has faced several problems since its establishment. One of the main issues is the lack of effectiveness of the AU Commission and other bodies. Another problem is the difficulty in making the AU a truly integrated continental union, with debates on whether to prioritize integration of the continent as a unit or integration of sub-regions. The AU also faces infrastructure problems, which hinder the development of a vigorous African trade market and attract foreign investments. Additionally, extensive human rights abuses still occur in many sections of the continent, despite the establishment of human rights systems by the United Nations, international law, and the African Union. The predecessor of the AU, the Organisation of African Unity (OAU), did not provide appropriate tools for a standby force, which led to the establishment of the African Standby Force.