Answer:
x/4 = 36/x
Explanation:
You want the proportion relating the altitude of the right triangle to the segments of the hypotenuse.
Similar triangles
All the triangles in this figure are similar, so the ratios of corresponding sides are the same:
long leg/short leg = x/4 = 36/x
The proportion of interest is ...

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Additional comment
The solution is ...
x² = 4·36
x = 2·6 = 12
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