The persistence of ethnic identity is one of the most cited explanations for conflict in Africa. Ethnic identity is often closely tied to political power and resources, and this can lead to competition and conflict between different ethnic groups. Additionally, ethnic identity can be used as a tool for mobilization by political leaders, who may use it to gain support and legitimacy for their rule. This can create a situation where different ethnic groups are pitted against each other in a struggle for power and resources, which can lead to violence and conflict.