Answer:
Special effects are techniques used in film, television, and other visual media to create illusions or manipulate the environment. They are often used to enhance the realism of a scene, to create fantastical or otherworldly effects, or to simulate dangerous or impossible situations. Alfred Hitchcock was a pioneer in the use of special effects in film. Without access to modern computer-generated imagery (CGI) or other high-tech tools, he had to rely on more practical methods, such as clever camera angles, trick photography, and the use of miniatures or models.