Final answer:
The lining of the uterus is called the endometrium. It consists of the stratum basalis and the stratum functionalis, where the latter is shed during menstruation if implantation does not occur.
Step-by-step explanation:
The lining of the uterus is called the endometrium. The endometrium plays a critical role in the female reproductive system.
It consists of two layers: the stratum basalis, which is permanent, and the stratum functionalis, which is shed during menstruation if no pregnancy occurs.
The stratum functionalis thickens in response to hormones and is important for implantation of a fertilized egg.
The vagina, another component of the female reproductive system, has walls lined with a mucous membrane with transverse folds, a muscle layer, and an outer fibrous layer. Its lining consists of stratified squamous epithelial cells which protect the underlying tissue.