Answer:
Theodore Roosevelt's "New Nationalism" speech and Woodrow Wilson's "What is Progress" speech were both delivered during the Progressive Era in the early 20th century in the United States. While both Roosevelt and Wilson were prominent figures of the Progressive movement, their understanding of Progressivism had both similarities and differences.
Similarities:
Emphasis on government intervention: Both Roosevelt and Wilson believed that the government should play an active role in addressing social and economic issues. Roosevelt argued for a strong federal government that could regulate big business and protect the rights of workers and consumers. Wilson, on the other hand, saw the government as a force for social justice and advocated for government intervention to curb the power of monopolies and ensure fair competition.
Example from Roosevelt: "We grudge no man a fortune in civil life if it is honorably obtained and well used. It is not even enough that it should have been gained without doing damage to the community. We should permit it to be gained only so long as the gaining represents benefit to the community."
Example from Wilson: "What we seek is the reign of law, based upon the consent of the governed and sustained by the organized opinion of mankind."
Focus on economic and social reforms: Both Roosevelt and Wilson supported progressive reforms aimed at addressing social and economic inequality. They both believed in the need for policies that would protect the rights and well-being of ordinary Americans, particularly those who were disadvantaged or marginalized.
Example from Roosevelt: "The burden of taxation should be distributed more equitably. I believe in a graduated income tax on big fortunes, and in another tax which is far more easily collected and far more effective—a graduated inheritance tax on big fortunes."
Example from Wilson: "We are all caught in one great economic system, and what affects one of us affects all of us. We have come more and more to understand that fact, and to act upon it. It is because of that understanding that we are putting the machinery of society at the service of justice."
Differences:
Role of government: While both Roosevelt and Wilson believed in government intervention, they had different views on the extent and scope of government's role. Roosevelt advocated for a more robust and powerful federal government that would regulate big business and protect the rights of workers and consumers. Wilson, on the other hand, emphasized the need for limited government intervention, with a focus on individual freedom and states' rights.
Example from Roosevelt: "We stand for the rights of property, but we stand even more for the rights of man."
Example from Wilson: "I want a government which will aim to do justice to all classes and groups of men... It is because I believe in these things that I am not afraid to face what must be faced."
Approach to reform: Roosevelt and Wilson differed in their approaches to achieving progressive reforms. Roosevelt advocated for a more aggressive and assertive approach, while Wilson preferred a more cautious and gradual approach, working within the existing political system to bring about change.
Example from Roosevelt: "We should permit it to be gained only so long as the gaining represents benefit to the community. This, I know, implies a policy of a far more active governmental interference with social and economic conditions in this country than we have yet had."
Example from Wilson: "The other great need is in dealing with that very difficult problem of monopoly...I believe that the effort to deal with it should proceed cautiously, with full knowledge of all the facts and the soberest appreciation of the difficulty of the task."