False. The statement is mixing up the Scramble for Africa with the colonization of South Africa. The Scramble for Africa was a period of intense European colonization of the African continent between 1881 and 1914. However, South Africa had been colonized by Europeans since the 17th century, and the Union of South Africa, a self-governing entity within the British Empire, was formed in 1910. It would not be until the 1960s that most of the African colonies gained independence from their European colonizers