Answer:
The Great Wall of China is a series of fortifications that were built along the northern borders of China during various Chinese dynasties to protect against raids and invasions from nomadic groups such as the Mongols and the Manchus. Construction of the wall began in the 7th century BCE during the Warring States period and continued through to the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644 CE). The wall was built using a variety of materials such as brick, tamped earth, and stone, and stretched over a distance of more than 13,000 miles (21,000 km).
The first sections of the Great Wall were built by individual states to protect their borders, but it was not until the Qin Dynasty (221-206 BCE) that the walls were connected and a unified Great Wall was created. Under the Qin, the wall was extended to its westernmost point and was made higher and stronger.
During the Han Dynasty (206 BCE - 220 CE), the Great Wall was further expanded and repaired. However, it was during the Ming Dynasty that the wall was rebuilt to its current form. The Ming Dynasty built a new series of walls and fortifications that used bricks and stone, making the wall more durable and resistant to attack.
Despite its impressive size and construction, the Great Wall was not always an effective barrier against invading forces. The wall was breached numerous times by various groups, including the Mongols, who eventually overthrew the Ming Dynasty and established the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911 CE).
Today, the Great Wall of China is a popular tourist destination and has been designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It is considered one of the most impressive feats of ancient engineering and remains an important symbol of Chinese culture and history.
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