Answer: a. dilemma. An ethical dilemma is a situation in which a difficult choice has to be made between two or more options, each of which may conflict with one's personal or professional ethical principles. The situation described in which people are faced with two opposing decisions, where one option may go against people's self-interest but may help others, and the other option may benefit oneself but could potentially harm someone else, is a classic example of an ethical dilemma.
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