Answer:
B) Myceneans
Step-by-step explanation:
We can rule out the Persians, 'cause, well, they're Persian and Dorians were an ethnic group as opposed to a civilization. This leaves the Minoans and The Myceneans. Now while the Minoans did come first, the Myceneans most likely had more influence on Greek writing, religion, and art:
- Writing: The most known Minoan writing system is Linear A, which may have been the origins of Linear B (earliest form of Greek we know of), but is still mostly undeciphered. Meanwhile, the Myceneans used Linear B script, which was closer to Greece's version.
- Religion: The Minoans had a lot of artwork depicting one main mother goddess and while proof of worship of other gods may have existed, all the lost artwork and archaeological evidence make it hard to label a definitive pantheon. On the other hand, the Myceneans worshiped earlier iterations of the Hellenistic pantheon. An example is Poseidon, who was a chthonic (underworld, dealing with the afterlife, etc.) diety instead of the version we know. Other deities and their epitaphs are shared as well.
Basically, my reasoning is that while the Minoans did come first, their versions of writing and culture predated even that of the Myceneans, and changed drastically before it became Greece's. Since Myceneans were basically the first Greeks, I'd say the answer is B.
Hope this helps, I do feel a little iffy on this one, so please do let me know if I'm wrong!