Question

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Question 5 (1 point)
Igneous rock is often found in mountain landscapes because

a
there are not many minerals in igneous rock.
b
igneous rock is very resistant to weathering.
c
water can easily penetrate igneous rock.
d
igneous rock exists only in cold, dry climates.
Question 6 (1 point)
Which is true of an undisturbed, horizontal layer of sedimentary rocks?

a
Their age can be determined by their weight.
b
Their age can be determined from their color.
c
The layer that accumulated later will be deeper in the ground.
d
The layer that accumulated earlier will be deeper in the ground.

Answer 1

Question 1) B

Question 2) C

What are the processes of the formation of igneous and sedimentary rocks?

Igneous Rock Processes

Igneous rocks are basically types of rock formed from molten material beneath the earth’s surface the cools and solidify. These igneous rocks are classified mainly into two types, either plutonic (which solidifies beneath the earths surface) and volcanic (which solidifies above the earth’s surface).

Igneous rock processes mostly involve only melting and re-melting of earth materials (including other types of rocks)

Attachment 1: (A diagram showing name of different igneous structures beneath and above the earth’s surface)

Sedimentary Rock Processes

Sedimentary rocks on the other hand are formed from the breaking, compaction and lithification of other rock types (including other earth material)

Unlike igneous rocks that are basically melted material, sedimentary rock undergoes different processes starting from its parent material to its sedimentary formation

1. Weathering. First, its parent material (mostly rock) undergoes weathering (either physical or chemical)
2. Erosion. The weathered fragments turns into sediment and are then transported through different erosional agent
3. Deposition. Sediments carried previously by different erosional agents are finally deposited (due to gravity and calm or stable environment). Over time it accumulates
4. Burial and lithification. Over a period of time that sediment accumulates, it is either lithified or cemented by other material (like dissolved calcite) or buried by overlying new sediments that makes it compacted from the pressure above

Attacthment 2: (A diagram showing the different sedimentary processes)