Final answer:
Bridges and Metzger suggest six roles of Non-Market Strategies (NMS) that include being an information provider, policy participant, interest aggregator, issue articulator, symbolic representative, and an adversary/advocate. These roles enable businesses to interact with and influence their non-market environment.
Step-by-step explanation:
The six roles of Non-Market Strategies (NMS) as suggested by Bridges and Metzger are an essential concept in the field of business, particularly when discussing strategies that go beyond the traditional market-based approaches. These roles are:
- Information provider - Companies can provide valuable information to influence government policies.
- Policy participant - Firms engage in legislative processes to advocate for favorable outcomes.
- Interest aggregator - Companies can organize collective action to represent an industry or group interests.
- Issue articulator - Businesses can help define and shape policy debates.
- Symbolic representative - Firms may become symbols in policy debates to represent broader issues or values.
- Adversary/Advocate - Companies might take a confrontational approach with governments or act as advocates for certain policies.
These roles enable businesses to forge and shape the non-market environment in which they operate. Not only do they offer insight into how organizations interact with stakeholders and the broader socio-political landscape, but they also highlight the importance of strategies outside of direct market competition.