Final answer:
Louis D. Brandeis was the first Jewish appointee to the U.S. Supreme Court, known for defending freedom of speech and privacy rights, appointed by Woodrow Wilson in 1916.
Step-by-step explanation:
The first Jew to sit on the United States Supreme Court, appointed by Woodrow Wilson, was Louis D. Brandeis. Brandeis was a progressive attorney known for his dedication to social justice and was appointed in 1916 amid significant support from Jewish voters. His legacy includes not only his historic appointment but also his significant contributions to the defense of freedom of speech and the right to privacy. His tenure on the bench was marked by advocacy against corruption and the defense of consumers against corporate interests. Furthermore, his influence was recognized through the naming of Brandeis University in Massachusetts in his honor.