Final answer:
a. results
In the context of performance management, the specific subgoals for each unit that are focused on are called results. They align with broader company objectives to improve performance and effectiveness.
Step-by-step explanation:
The specific subgoals for each unit that will be the focus of the performance management process are referred to as results. Performance management is a strategic approach to creating and sustaining improved performance in employees, leading to an increase in the effectiveness of companies. Performance management involves setting individual goals that are aligned with broader company objectives, which are often termed as results in this context.