Final answer:
The incorrect circumstance leading to the Northwest Resistance was that the Métis attacked the transcontinental railway, as this did not happen. Leading up to the resistance, the Métis were concerned about land and cultural rights and formed a provisional government under Louis Riel.
Step-by-step explanation:
The circumstance that was NOT one of the factors leading up to the Northwest Resistance was that the Métis attacked the transcontinental railway. The Métis, who were largely French-speaking and Roman Catholic, feared the loss of their land and culture under the Dominion's English-speaking Protestant majority. Under the leadership of Louis Riel, they united to oppose the Canadian government's attempts to survey Rupert's Land and formed a provisional government to negotiate with Canada, demanding protection for Métis rights.