Final answer:
Carl Jung's concept of the collective unconscious encompasses ancient, biologically inherited memories and symbols shared across cultures, known as archetypes. The correct option is C.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to Carl Jung, the collective unconscious consists of ancient memories and symbols that are passed down from birth and shared by all people in all cultures (Option C), which he referred to as archetypes. These archetypes are represented by universal themes in various cultures, as expressed through literature, art, and dreams.
They reflect common experiences such as facing death, becoming independent, and striving for mastery. Jung suggested that these themes are passed down biologically and are present in the folklore and fairy tales of every culture, including symbols such as the hero, the maiden, the sage, and the trickster.
The task of integrating these unconscious archetypal aspects of the self is part of the process of self-realization according to Jung's analytical psychology.