Final answer:
Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is the condition caused by a genetic defect, leading to abnormal cysts in the kidneys and potentially kidney failure.
Step-by-step explanation:
The condition caused by a genetic defect among the options provided is polycystic kidney disease (PKD). PKD is characterized by the growth of multiple abnormal cysts in the kidneys, which can lead to kidney failure and may necessitate treatments like kidney transplantation or hemodialysis. This disorder can develop at any stage in life and typically affects both kidneys, causing symptoms such as high blood pressure, abdominal pain, and blood in the urine.