Final answer:
The term for an antibody's ability to distinguish its specific immunogen from other antigens is called specificity, which is determined by the variable regions constructing the antigen-binding sites. The option (D) is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
The ability of an antibody to distinguish its immunogen from other antigens is called specificity. Specificity is determined by the unique structure of the antigen-binding sites of an antibody, which are formed by the variable regions of both the heavy and light chains.
The variable domain is essential for binding specifically to an antigen's epitope, while the constant domain determines the class or isotype of the antibody, such as IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD, or IgE. Antibodies with high affinity will bind more strongly and stably to their specific antigens, providing an effective immune response against pathogens. Therefore, option (D) is correct.
This question is not complete, Here I am attaching the complete question:
What is the ability of an antibody to distinguish its immunogen from other antigens called?
(A) Amount
(B) Isotype
(C) Specificity
(D) Affinity
(E) Heavy chain