Final answer:
Quantitative research in sociology is rooted in positivism and employs statistical methods to study behavior patterns. It relies on numerical data to form objective, generalizable conclusions, contrasting with subjective qualitative approaches.
Step-by-step explanation:
Characteristics of Quantitative Research in Sociology
The philosophical origins of quantitative research in sociology can be traced back to the positivism movement, which supports the use of scientific methods to uncover objective truths about society. Quantitative sociology primarily employs statistical methods such as conducting surveys with large numbers of participants. Researchers analyze the numerical data collected from these methods using advanced statistical techniques with the hope of identifying trends and patterns in human behavior. This form of research aims to represent findings in numerical form which is considered objective and reliable, and can lead to generalizable conclusions about societal behaviors and institutions.
On the other hand, in contrast to quantitative sociology, qualitative sociology aims to understand human behavior by studying it in natural settings through in-depth interviews, focus groups, and content analysis. This method is more subjective and seeks to understand the motives, attitudes, and contexts of human behavior.
Experimental research in social sciences must also be replicable and is expected to fit within psychological or biological theories that explain their findings. This approach is similar to that used in experimental philosophy, which incorporates evidence from various scientific disciplines to enhance the understanding of philosophical claims.