Final answer:
No, individual international federations and national anti-doping agencies cannot create their own doping systems but must adhere to WADA guidelines to ensure a unified stance against doping in sports.
Step-by-step explanation:
International federations and national anti-doping agencies do not create their own individual systems for doping, but instead adhere to global standards set by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). Established in 1999, WADA's purpose is to bring consistency to anti-doping policies and regulations within sport organizations and governments worldwide. This means that while individual federations and agencies can have their own additional rules or penalties, they still follow the overarching guidelines and prohibited substances list provided by WADA to ensure a harmonized approach to doping across sports and countries.
The establishment of WADA was a response to the imbalances and inconsistencies in doping controls and the need to combat the evolution of performance-enhancing drugs. Since its inception, WADA has worked towards a more effective framework to catch athletes who use drugs, thus maintaining the spirit of sport, which includes the health of the athletes, equality of opportunity, and being a positive example to the public.