Final answer:
Machu Picchu, situated in Peru, was built for Incan Emperor Pachacuti and is known for its sophisticated architecture and polished stonework without mortar.
Step-by-step explanation:
Machu Picchu and the Inca Civilization
Machu Picchu is an ancient Incan ruin situated above the Sacred Valley in Peru. It was one of the New Seven Wonders of the World, built around the mid-15th century for the Incan Emperor, Pachacuti. The site was abandoned roughly a century later, following the Spanish conquest.
In 1911, historian Hiram Bingham discovered the site, which has been recognized for its impressive architectural features, including polished stone constructions fitted together perfectly without the use of mortar. The ruins were designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983, reflecting their historical and cultural significance.
The Inca Empire, known for its impressive political, religious, and technological advancements, once spanned across parts of modern-day Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia, Argentina, and Chile. Machu Picchu, nestled high in the Andes Mountains, is famous for its refined stonework and architectural mastery.
Exceptional examples of this craftsmanship include the Temple of the Sun and the finely constructed terraces that exemplify the Inca's innovative adaptations to the mountainous terrain.