Final answer:
The country known as part of the larger region called Macedonia, encompassing Northern Greece and part of Bulgaria, is the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYROM), now commonly known as North Macedonia.
Step-by-step explanation:
The country that is part of a larger region known as Macedonia, which includes Northern Greece and the southwestern portion of Bulgaria, is officially called the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYROM). This region has a rich historical context, where the ancient Kingdom of Macedon extended beyond the current borders of North Macedonia to include parts of present-day Greece and Bulgaria.
Due to the complexity of this area's history, it has been a subject of territorial and cultural disputes. The term Balkanization is often used to describe the fragmentation of a region into multiple small states, a phenomenon characteristic of the Balkan Peninsula.
The historical significance of this region is highlighted by its inclusion in the expansion of Macedon under Philip II, where Macedon's boundaries grew extensively. Today's North Macedonia sits at the heart of this historical legacy, surrounded by countries that were also once part of the larger Macedonian region and Yugoslavia.