Final answer:
According to Freud, the three commonly held assumptions in psychology are the role of the unconscious mind, the interaction between the id, ego, and superego in shaping personality, and the influence of psychosexual stages on personality development.
Step-by-step explanation:
Three commonly held assumptions in psychology that were first proposed by Freud are:
- The unconscious mind plays a significant role in shaping our thoughts, feelings, and behavior. Freud believed that much of our mental life takes place outside of our conscious awareness.
- Personality is influenced by the interaction between three components: the id, ego, and superego. The id represents our basic, primitive drives for pleasure, while the superego represents our moral conscience. The ego acts as a mediator between the id and superego, striving to balance their conflicting demands.
- Personality develops through a series of psychosexual stages, each focusing on a specific erogenous zone. Failure to successfully resolve these stages can lead to fixations and unhealthy personality traits.