Final answer:
Dizygotic twins, who share 50% of their DNA, can differ greatly post-childhood due to different environments. Monozygotic twins share the same DNA, but the environment can significantly influence their development and individuality, as seen in studies on twins raised apart.
Step-by-step explanation:
After leaving their shared childhood homes, dizygotic (fraternal) twins and monozygotic (identical) twins can exhibit similarities and differences due to their genetic makeup and the varying environments they experience. Dizygotic twins, being essentially regular siblings born at the same time, have different genetic compositions and may develop quite differently from one another after leaving home, depending on their experiences and social interactions. On the other hand, monozygotic twins share the same genetic codes as they are the result of one zygote splitting during early development; however, studies like the Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart have shown that environment plays a significant role in shaping their personalities, preferences, and abilities, despite their identical genetics.
For instance, the 1968 study placing separated twin girls in different adoptive families illustrates that monozygotic twins raised apart may have certain temperamental and preferential similarities due to their shared DNA, yet significant differences influenced by their separate upbringings. While identical twins may look alike and share certain innate characteristics, diversities in their external environments can lead to varying career paths, interests, and behaviors, revealing the intricate interplay between genetics and socialization.