Final answer:
Enzymatic peels often contain proteolytic enzymes such as papain, which is isolated from papayas, and they work by breaking down the protein structures in the skin. This process gently exfoliates the skin and is suitable for sensitive skin types. Other enzymes, like cellulase and L-amino acid oxidases, may also be found in these products, offering a natural exfoliation method.
Step-by-step explanation:
An ingredient found in enzymatic peels is an enzyme such as papain. This type of enzyme can hydrolyze (break down) protein structures, and papain specifically is isolated from the papaya fruit. It works by cleaving the long protein chains that can impact skin texture, functioning as a gentle exfoliant in enzymatic peels. Similar to papain, other proteolytic enzymes like pepsin are also used in various applications owing to their ability to act on peptide bonds in aromatic amino acids such as tyrosine, tryptophan, and phenylalanine, which are part of the skin's keratin.
Other enzymes like cellulase, which targets ß glycosidic linkages in cellulose, and L-amino acid oxidases that specifically act only on L-amino acids, may also be ingredients in enzymatic peel formulations. These enzymes work by targeting specific bonds within the skin's dead cells, facilitating a gentle peeling process without the need for mechanical exfoliation.
These enzymatic ingredients are more gentle compared to chemical peels, making them suitable for sensitive skin types and avoiding the risk of over-exfoliation. They provide a natural alternative to harsher synthetic chemicals by utilizing biological enzymes to achieve skin rejuvenation and a smoother complexion.