Final answer:
The degree of consistency in measures repeated under similar circumstances is called reliability, which signifies the likelihood that results can be replicated. It is different from validity, which indicates accuracy in measuring what is intended.
Step-by-step explanation:
The degree of consistency in the measure that yields similar results under similar conditions after being conducted repeatedly is called reliability. This concept pertains to the likelihood of a measure producing the same results if the study is reproduced, and is a key aspect of a study's consistency. Reliability can be contrasted with validity, which refers to the extent to which a tool measures what it is supposed to measure. Unlike reliability, a valid measure must not only be consistent, but also accurate in terms of the results it provides. However, it is crucial to understand that having high reliability in measurements does not automatically imply that those measurements are valid.