Final answer:
Light enters the eye and is focused onto the retina after passing through the cornea and pupil, and being refracted by the lens. The retina contains photoreceptors that convert light into nerve impulses, which the brain interprets as images. The correct option is D.
Step-by-step explanation:
The light that enters the eye does so through a series of structures that work together to focus the image accurately on a particular part of the eye. Initially, light passes through the cornea, which is the clear, protective outer layer of the eye. Then, it proceeds through the pupil, the opening whose size is regulated by the iris.
After passing the pupil, light is further refracted by the lens. The lens is a clear, curved structure that, along with the cornea, changes its shape to correctly focus light on the back part of the eye. The final destination for focused light is the retina, which is the light-sensitive layer that contains photoreceptors called rods and cones. These cells convert the light into nerve impulses that are then sent to the brain via the optic nerve.
Therefore, the correct answer to the student's question ‘Light passes through the crystalline lens in the eye and focuses on the:’ is D) Retina.